Religion in Germany

Religion in Germany In light of current circumstances, the crossing point of the gigantic subjects â€Å"religion† and â€Å"Germany† is naturally Martin Luther. Luther was conceived in Eisleben, Germany, in 1483, and his family before long moved to Mansfeld, Germany. Luther got heavenly essential instruction in Latin and German, entered the University of Erfurt in 1501, where he got his baccalaureate degree in 1502 and his master’s certificate in 1505. Asked by his dad, Luther attempted alumni work in law, however changed to religious philosophy inside about a month and a half, owing, he stated, to a vicious tempest that so panicked him (â€Å"besieged by the fear and anguish of abrupt death†) he guaranteed God to turn into a priest in the event that he endure. Luther started his alleged clerical arrangement at the University of Erfurt, turned into a minister in 1507, moved to the University of Wittenberg in 1508, and finished his doctorate in 1512, which the University of Erfurt conceded dependent on his examinations at Wittenberg. After five years, the crack with Catholicism that turned into the Protestant Reformation started and the far reaching influence of Luther’s Ninety-five Theses in 1517 changed the world for eternity. Today, Germany is as yet a Christian country, in spite of the fact that, with regards to strict opportunity, there is no official religion. â€Å"Religionen Weltanschauungsgemeinschaften in Deutschland: Mitgliederzahlen† broke down consequences of the 2011 evaluation and found that ca. 67% of the populace distinguished themselves as Christian, i.e., Protestant or Catholic, while Islam involved ca. 4.9%. There are extremely, little Jewish and Buddhist gatherings that are scarcely quantifiable, so the rest of the populace, i.e., ca 28%, either have a place with unidentified strict gatherings or don't have a place with any proper strict gathering. The German constitution (Grundgesetz fã ¼r bite the dust Bundesrepublik Deutschland), which opens with these mixing words: â€Å"Human poise is inviolable,† ensures opportunity of religion for everybody. The center of this assurance of strict opportunity depends on â€Å". . . the opportunity of religion, heart and the opportunity of admitting one’s strict or philosophical convictions are sacred. Uninfringed strict practice is guaranteed.† But the assurance doesn't stop there. The very nature and type of the administration reã ¯nforce and support that ensure with numerous shields that reinforce each other synergistically, e.g., a majority rule society, well known power, a solid accentuation on social duty, and restricting federalism among the sixteen German states (Deutsche Bundeslnder). There is a fantastic, top to bottom conversation of strict opportunity in Germany in Wikipediaâ which gives numerous subtleties and guides to the individuals who wish to know points of interest. It is unquestionably worth one’s time. The general dissemination of strict affiliations can be delineated generally as follows: you’re bound to experience Protestants in the North and Northeast and Catholics in the South and Southwest; be that as it may, â€Å"Germany Unity†-the joining of the German Democratic Republic (the â€Å"DDR†) and the Federal Republic of Germany (the â€Å"BRD†) on 03 October 1990-slanted this dependable guideline. Following 45 years of socialist standard in East Germany, many, numerous families had floated away from religion out and out. Along these lines, in the previous German Democratic Republic, you’re bound to experience people and families who don’t distinguish themselves with any congregation connection. In spite of the harsh geographic appropriation of different strict followers, a considerable lot of the special seasons that started as strict sacred days hundreds of years back are despite everything part of German culture, paying little heed to area. â€Å"Fasching†-otherwise called Karneval, Fastnacht, Fasnacht, Fastelabend-starts either a 11:11 on 11 November or on 07 January, the day after the Feast of the Three Kings, contingent upon your area, and runs until Ash Wednesday (der Aschermittwoch), the start of Lent-the fortyday time of fasting and forbearance promptly going before Easter. Realizing that they should put their pointlessness aside during Lent, individuals party broadly; maybe to â€Å"get it out of their system† (verrã ¼ckt spielen). The festivals are for the most part nearby and shift from town to town to city, yet unavoidably come full circle in the week paving the way to Ash Wednesday. Members dress in amazing ensembles, trick each other, and by and large attempt to make some negligible memories. It’s for the most part innocuous, energetic, and unimportant absurdity. For instance, Weiberfastnacht is the Thursday before Ash Wednesday, for the most part in the Rhineland, yet there are pockets of Weiberfastnacht everywhere. Ladies kiss any man who gets their extravagant, cut off their binds with scissors, and end up in bars to snicker, drink, and describe the day’s misuses. There are marches of different sorts and sizes throughout the end of the prior week Easter weekend. Ensembles proliferate, bunches swagger their stuff (â€Å"stolzieren ungeniert†), as it's been said, with heaps of agreeable hooting and hollering. Rosenmontag, the Monday before Ash Wednesday, has the most lavish fair procession in Cologne, however truly good opponent motorcades additionally occur all through the Rhineland, all of which the German TV station communicates, not simply across the nation, yet to other Germanspeaking zones, especially in Austria Switzerland. The following day, Fastnachtdienstag, extra motorcades occur, however the point of convergence of this day is the alleged consuming of the â€Å"Nubbel†. The Nubbel is a straw-filled figure-a substitute that the merrymakers load up with all the wrongdoings they submitted during the fair. At the point when they consume the Nubbel, they consume their wrongdoings away, leaving them with nothing to lament during Lent. In the wake of relinquishing the Nubbel and not having any desire to squander a decent Lent available to them, the revelers again begin celebrating into the late evening times not long before Ash Wednesday, in order to have something about which they can be somewhat penitent, even repentant. This demeanor is with regards to a human trade Luther had with Philip Melanchthon, one of Luther’s sidekicks and an early Protestant scholar. Melanchthon was a fairly meticulous man whose faithful demeanor irritated Luther now and again. â€Å"For goodness’ purpose, why don’t you proceed to sin a little?† asked Luther in irritation. â€Å"Doesn’t God have the right to have something to excuse you for!† For the record, Martin Luther was a fairly hearty, natural priest who, after the Catholic Church expelled him, wedded and remarked a few times about the fact that it was so wonderful to alert to discover â€Å"braids on the pillow† close to his. Luther would have adored and endorsed the very ethos of Fasching, for he said â€Å"Wer nicht liebt Wein, Weib, und Gesang, Der bleibt ein Narr sein Leben lang.† (â€Å"Who cherishes not ladies, wine, and tune, Remains a dolt his entire life long.†)

Rabbit Analysis :: essays research papers

In the sonnet, â€Å"Rabbit,† the theme is bunnies which speak to kids and how they can be prey for one gathering and play for another. Notwithstanding the bunnies speaking to kids, I imagine that the youngster in the sonnet speaks to a parental figure and the canines speak to individuals in the outside world.      This is bolstered in the subject which expresses that kids ought not be in such a race to grow up in light of the fact that the outside world can be a merciless spot. For instance, â€Å"the hounds don’t despise [them], only need to/taste the juice of [their] blood, watch [their]/hide float lethargically toward October mists/where geese irritate them† (11-14). This is a supporting book since it shows that youngsters won’t consistently be dealt with reasonably and in the event that they are in such a hurry to grow up, they could confront numerous issues from the get-go in life since they can feel just as they don't have a place anyplace. Additionally, this citation is distinct and functions admirably in that it permitted me to portray how others could see kids as powerless and a type of simple lure. To them, kids are not simply different people; they are a wellspring of experience and game. Besides, it says â€Å"better that you jump legitimately b ack/request your cage†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (7-8), which keeps up that if the kids are not ensured and shielded by their folks, their destiny could become as terrible as what is depicted above; they could carry on with a real existence where the finish of the negative way appears to be perpetual. It is stating that the one spot a youngster can have a sense of security is in or at his/her home where he/she has â€Å"†¦ cedar chips, the water bottle full/and dribbling close to withered greens†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (8-9). It may not be the primary spot a youngster would need to return to when he/she is in a tough situation yet the alternative will consistently there. This house is the child’s place of refuge and security from the outside world; a spot to have a sense of security, ensured, and sustained. For instance, the â€Å"†¦children bring you apples. /They’ll rub your hide and bring/another and another† (19-21). This content shows that regardless of what happens th e guardians will be there to show care and love for their youngsters without posing any inquiries. I like how the creator worded the three statements from above.

12 Angry Men by Talita E. Sigillo Free Essays

In light of the film  «12 furious menâ » In the film  «12 irate menâ », one can investigate an assortment of false notions and speculations. Every member of the jury aside from one comes in with a decision of  «Guilty », however by utilizing basic reasoning the motivations to help their case are excused individually. With the exception of Juror number three who is the last one to change his decision. We will compose a custom exposition test on 12 Angry Men by Talita E. Sigillo or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now He ignores all basic thinking and adheres to his underlying case utilizing numerous misrepresentations to help it. He is plainly preferential towards the litigant no mater the proof presented to him. Just toward the end does he understand that this time he was seeing his own child according to this kid, a child that had  «disrespectedâ » the dad. Him. Following are just a portion of the numerous deceptions member of the jury number three used to help his case. One of the absolute first errors member of the jury number three uses is  «begging the inquiry.  » This is the point at which one expresses an assessment just as it is a verifiable truth. At the point when he first goes into the room he guarantees  «everyone realizes he is blameworthy!! furthermore, when asked by the basic mastermind to clarify the explanations behind his case the member of the jury answers:  «everything Says he is guiltyâ » by utilizing this explanation he again is  «begging the questionâ » and all the while utilizes  «Circular reasoningâ » since he rehashes his case as if it is reason. In addition while examining the two declarations, the basic mastermind discovers approaches to demonstrate that there is a sensible uncertainty in the two observers declarations. Again hearer number three uses more than one paradox to guarantee that he has no sensible doubt.It was drawn out into the open that the lady who affirmed that she had seen the kid murder the dad couldn’t really observe somebody plainly. This case was upheld with the accompanying explanation and line of reasoning: The brief look at the homicide was seen through her window, the window of the moving train, over the road and through the victim’s condo window.  «Could, who the lady saw submit the homicide, be somebody elseâ »? Member of the jury number three guaranteed that the  «woman affirmed in courtâ » and furthermore said  «The lady said she saw himâ » lastly finished with  «the lady saw it! After sensible uncertainty to the declaration is applied, legal hearer number three utilized the above statements as his motivations to help his case that it was the kid that the lady saw, closing with proof that don't finish his case and in this way being  «non sequitorâ ». Legal hearer number three despite everything had a substantial motivation to accept the kid had submitted the homicide since the man’s declaration was that he heard the kid yell out the expression  «I’m going to execute you!  » to his dad and that the elderly person who affirmed in court, saw the kid running down the steps and that he heard the body fall.Through basic idea and dissecting the proof piece by piece, it was brought up that, since the homicide occurred during the death of a train, the elderly person couldn't have heard the body fall and that it took him too long to even think about crossing his room and open the entryway for him to have seen the kid in the wake of submitting the homicide. Still legal hearer number three casted a ballot liable saying he had no sensible uncertainty that  «the kid said ‘I’m going to murder you’ and he executed himâ » now he was utilizing roundabout thinking, rehashing his case as a reason.It was now that the basic mastermind chose to demonstrate his point to attendant number three, he incited him such a great amount to the point that he said  «I’m going to slaughter you!!  » to the next member of the jury who incited him, it was drawn out into the open that a great deal of them could have  «criminal tendenciesâ » like the kid, yet having them didn't mean following up on them. It was then that member of the jury number three began loosing control. All the reasons he was utilizing to veil reality with regards to why he was indicting the kid had been addressed leaving him with no coherent warrants to help his case of guilty.When addressed again  «what verification do you have that the kid is blameworth y?  » he answers with a  «Red Herringâ » that he is  «entitled to his opinionâ » By the finish of the film his actual reason behind the decision of liable was rose to the top. Legal hearer number three had a child that had gotten in a contention with him and had quit conversing with him. This, as per the qualities wherein the member of the jury was raised, was lack of respect and irreverence was unforgivable towards the dad. It was self-evident, that he organized regard to the dad above everything else, when he said  «It doesn’t matter what his dad did it’s his dad and you can’t state ‘I’ll execute you’ to you father!  » This worth that he organized alongside the episode with his child was what had blurred his judgment and influenced his perspective. Member of the jury number three was along these lines unfit to fundamentally take a gander at the proof introduced since he was preferential towards the kid. For Juror number three the kid was liable in the first place for affronting his dad witch is this Jurors most elevated worth. Step by step instructions to refer to 12 Angry Men by Talita E. Sigillo, Papers

Elizabeth Loves Power, Not Populism - Literature Essay Samples

The community featured in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice has entrenched societal systems known as â€Å"propriety†. This â€Å"propriety† is a cultural code of conduct that dictates the lifestyles of the cultural citizens and defines success for the community. On many occasions, the protagonist Elizabeth Bennett criticizes or doubts this system of propriety. She feels it judges without worthy evidence and denies citizens the right to fulfill their identities and desires. However, Elizabeth uses the same methods to assign others a social value lower than her own. The inconsistency in Elizabeth’s attitude towards judgment suggests that she believes social inequalities exist between people, but just refuses to acknowledge those without her at the top. One person who Elizabeth judges as unworthy of equal respect is Mr. Collins. Elizabeth’s initial judgment of Mr. Collins is that he is not worth spending her time on. Elizabeth resists speaking with Mr . Collins in the first place, and consents to the conversation only to â€Å"get it over as soon and as quietly as possible† (91). Her feelings â€Å"[a]re divided between distress and diversion,† and his mere presence â€Å"ma[kes] Elizabeth†¦near laughing,† indicating she does not respect his thoughts (91 – 92). Because she disagrees with his perspective, she disagrees with his existence. In refuting upper class expectations of conventional marriage, Elizabeth simultaneously refutes Mr. Collins’ right to agree with those conventions. She judges him as having misaligned priorities, and is not interested in genuinely listening to him or considering that there is validity to his perspective.Elizabeth extends these judgments of conformity to her friend Charlotte, who decides to marry Mr. Collins. While Elizabeth refuses to marry Mr. Collins even though it would have been financially beneficial for her and her family, her best friend has differen t values. Charlotte Lucas prioritizes her economic security and social reputation over the satisfaction of her lust or her ideal of romantic love and agrees to Mr. Collins’ proposal. While Elizabeth feels emotional satisfaction will come only from love, Charlotte feels she will be emotionally satisfied by the assurance of a stable position. Elizabeth cannot imagine that there is validity to Charlotte’s choice. Indeed, she has difficulty imagining that the choice actually happens: â€Å"she could not have supposed it possible that when called into action she would have sacrificed every better feeling to worldly advantage,† (110). The use of â€Å"better† prominently indicates the Elizabeth is judging Charlotte; she believes Charlotte’s feelings to be less worthy of respect and acceptance than her own. Furthermore, Elizabeth’s judgment of Charlotte fittingly represents her approach to her entire community. In Elizabeth’s mind, everyone should follow their â€Å"feelings† – which she seems to think are abstract emotions independent of external conditions, like love but not like security – and those who do not are lacking in character. However, Elizabeth’s community tends to function as if everyone should follow the â€Å"rules† – which have everything to do with external conditions like security and little to do with abstract emotions like love – and as if those who do not are lacking in character. By marrying Mr. Collins, Charlotte decides to participate in this cultural ideology and the corresponding systems. Thus, when Elizabeth says that â€Å"it [is] impossible for [Charlotte] to be tolerably happy in the lot she ha[s] chosen,† she is furthermore suggesting that it is impossible for someone to be â€Å"tolerably happy† in a society that mandates such choices (110). The judgment that offers the most insight into Elizabeth’s conflict is her h ierarchical placement of her servants. This relationship shows that Elizabeth’s feelings about a general inequality change depending on whether a specific instance of that inequality increases or decreases her power. That Elizabeth’s family has servants, and that, moreover, Elizabeth raises no objection to this demonstrates that Elizabeth’s concerns over the restrictions of social class are very self – centered. Elizabeth seems to dislike Lady Catherine de Bourg, as is demonstrated by her anxiousness to depart from Rosings and her contempt towards the Lady when she pries into Mr. Darcy’s feelings towards Elizabeth. She takes issue with Lady Catherine’s â€Å"condescension† towards Elizabeth and the Bennett family, as well as the arrogance Lady Catherine displays in dictating the terms of Elizabeth’s relationship, or lack thereof, with Mr. Darcy (184). When Lady Catherine arrives unannounced to the Bennett residence, â€Å"more than usually insolent and disagreeable†, she repeatedly emphasizes the elevation of her social class in comparison to Elizabeth’s by saying â€Å"[Elizabeth] ought to know that [Lady Catherine is] not to be trifled with† and threatening that Elizabeth â€Å"will be a disgrace; [her] name will never be mentioned by any of [the upper class]† if she does not comply with Lady Catherine’s wishes (303, 305). While many people, including much of Elizabeth’s family, would submit to these assaults and passively comply to the Lady, Elizabeth â€Å"colour[s] with astonishment and disdain† and responds with stinging frankness, reflecting her invalidation of upper class superiority and dissent of the cultural norms (303). She feels she has individual rights, and that other individuals do not have the right to encroach on these rights. In other words, she has the right to â€Å"not choose to answer† Lady Catherine’s questions and to k ick Lady Catherine off the Bennett property, but Lady Catherine’s personal choices are not entitled to â€Å"have [an] effect on [her]† (304, 305). However, simultaneous to all this rebellion and dissent, Elizabeth acts like Catherine de Bourgh in relationship to the Bennetts’ servants. Lady Catherine demands Elizabeth complies with her desires; the Bennetts demand the same from their servants. Indeed, compliance is the function of a domestic worker; their job is to attend to the necessities and personal wants of their master. Just like Lady Catherine, Elizabeth’s family exhibits condescension and arrogance by subjugating domestic employees, and by valuing them not as human beings but as material possessions that indicate social success. Thus, Elizabeth is, in no uncertain terms, a hypocrite. She wishes her family was treated with respect despite their reputation. She finds the commonly accepted cultural norms to be unjust and thinks it unfair that she c annot achieve her desires as a result of those norms. She believes in individual rights and individual values. However, she does not respect people with different perspectives or priorities. She refuses to expand her definition of happiness or include other factors or emotions. She exploits an economically disadvantaged class in order to increase her own power. In short, she wants the best for herself. She will combat anything that oppresses her, and conquer anything that will reward her, all under the false umbrella of system – wide ideals.

Essay on The Kite Runner Relationship and Symbolism

How does Hosseini use symbolism in ‘The Kite Runner’ to present key relationships? You should consider different reader responses and the extent to which your critical approach assists your interpretation. In Khaled Hosseini’s novel, ‘The Kite Runner’, it is often thought that symbols and metaphors are used as visual representations to reinforce and put emphasis on important stages in the novel. In can be seen that symbols are used in the novel to highlight particular moments in key relationships. For example Kites, the Pomegranate tree, Scars and the Slingshot are each used to put emphasis on specific moments in the relationships between Amir and Hassan and Amir and Baba. Through using symbolism and metaphor to present these key†¦show more content†¦At the end of the novel, the roles are swapped. Amir acts as the kite runner, whereas Sorhab (Hassan’s son who represents Hassan at this point) is the kite flyer. This could be symbolic of Amir completing his journey of redemption and him re establishing his relationship with Hassan. In particular, I feel that in chapter 7, the Blue Kite is used as a symbol of Hassan’s loyalty towards Amir. Hassan will not give up the blue kite which he ran for Amir after winning the kite tournament, even when he is faced with rape as he is afraid that giving up the kite will jeopardize his friendship with Amir. This could be seen as symbolic of the protection and dedication which Hassan shows towards Amir. The blue kite is an object which is in between Hassan and Assef in chapter seven, in the same way that in chapter five, Amir is in between Hassan and Assef. Hassan won’t let the blue kite get torn or damaged by Assef in the same way that he wouldn’t let Assef hurt Amir in chapter 5, in my opinion the blue kite is clearly a symbol of Hassan’s dedication and devotion towards Amir; he would rather endure rape than disappoint him. Secondly the Pomegranate tree can be seen as a symbol of Amir and Hassan friendship, childhood innocence and shelter. The tree is presented to the reader in two different states. When the tree appears in the first part of the story, in chapter 4, the tree is shown as being fruitful and blooming with ‘blood red’Show MoreRelatedSymbolism In The Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini992 Words   |  4 Pagesthe novel the Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini, the author, often uses symbolism throughout the book. There are many, many items or things that signifies something, or means something different than what is shown. For example, things like the kite, the pomegranate tree, Amir’s scar, the slingshot, the reference of the lamb, and Hassan’s cleft lip. Analyzing symbolism in this book could go far, there are many things to be said about the symbolism in this novel. The reason for using symbolism is because itsRead MoreComparison of Symbolism of Kites in the Kite Runner and Master Harold and the Boys943 Words   |  4 PagesComparison of symbolism of kites in the Kite Runner and Master Harold and the boys I am going to compare the symbolism of the kite in the play Master Harold and the boys by Athol Fugard and in the novel The Kite Runner by Khaled Hossseini. Firstly I will talk about the symbolism in both of the books separately. And then I will compare them to see the similarities and the differences. The kite symbol has two different meanings. In the Kite Runner the kite represents kite fighting and the blue kite that wasRead MoreHow does Hosseini tell the story of the kite runner in chapter 1?942 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿How does Hosseini tell the story of the Kite Runner in chapter 1? Khaled Hosseini uses a veritable smorgasbord of literary and narrative techniques to tell the story of ‘The Kite Runner’. From engaging in the use of foreshadowing and symbolism, to characterisation and the way he styles his prose. Below is an analysis of how he does so. As mentioned, Hosseini’s use of foreshadowing almost encapsulates the chapter. Baba states that â€Å"God [should] help us all†, anticipating the Talibans takeoverRead MoreRedemption in The Kite Runner1038 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"For you, a thousand times over.† In The Kite Runner by Kahled Hosseini, there is a recurring theme of redemption that is portrayed by various literary devices. Kahled excellently juxtaposes devices such as irony, symbolism, and foreshadowing to show redemption within his first novel. As a foreword, the story of The Kite Runner focuses on a man named Amir. In his childhood, he enjoyed a high-class life in Kabul, Afghanistan, living with his father Baba. They have two servants, Ali and his son HassanRead More Khaled Hosseinis The Kite Runner Essay1008 Words   |  5 PagesKhaled Hosseinis The Kite Runner In the Kite Runner, the author explores the ties that bind sons to fathers and childhood friends to one another and of the forces that tear them apartRead MoreHistory Now1070 Words   |  5 PagesDue Date Tasks Friday, 2/3/2012 Begin Unit: Loyalty and Betrayal, Section A, Order and Chaos Order and Chaos: Introduction Section Warm-Up: Product Loyalty Loyalty vs. Betrayal Literary Elements: Symbolism Tutorial: Symbols and Symbolism Reading 1: Two Kinds, by Amy Tan Practice: Symbolism Loyalty and Betrayal Theme Quiz, 40 points Friday, 2/10/2012 Begin Unit: Loyalty and Betrayal, Section B, Context Context: Introduction Section Warm-Up: A Context Riddle Reading 2: from CommunistsRead MoreSymbolism Of Kite Running By Khaled Hosseini1243 Words   |  5 PagesKali Denney Mr. Snyder AP Literature and Composition 11 December 2015 Symbolism of Kite Running In this essay the book being discussed is, Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini. Khaled Hosseini’s biography will be discussed as well as the historical influences upon him that affect the novel as a whole. The essay will contain a critical analysis as well as an analysis of the critical response to the work by others. In the novel and now a grown man, the main character Amir recalls events in his childhoodRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1050 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"There is a way to be good again.† (Hosseini 334). This quote given by Rahim Khan to Amir holds a great amount of force and symbolism. In theory, this quote symbolizes the beginning of Amir’s path to redemption. The eye-opening Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini tells about the struggles of Afghanistan before and during the Taliban, and one’s struggle for redemption and acceptance. With regards to the opening quote, some see Amir’s actions as selfish. However, others may believe that Amir truly changedRead MoreTheme Of Friendship And Culture In The Kite Runner1248 Words   |  5 Pages The Death of Friendship and Culture in The Kite Runner Cultural influences impact the creation of an individual’s identity. Countries rely on culture to join citizens together; however, the destruction of a culture results in the disfigurement of a country and the impairment of its citizens’ identities. In Khaled Hosseini’s novel, The Kite Runner, the author depicts a dark and calamitous period during the 20th century in Afghanistan. The novel’s main character, Amir, lives in a large house withRead MoreEssay about Characters of The Kite Runner854 Words   |  4 PagesPublished by Riverhead Books in 2003, Khaled Hosseini wrote The Kite Runner, a powerful story of love, fear, friendship, redemption, and the reality of the cruel world we live in. In this tale, you develop a personal relationship with the characters as you feel their emotions. Khaled Hosseini brings his characters to life eloquently. The relationship between son and father, rich and poor, countryman and his country, Pashtun and Hazara, friend and brother, and

Process Costing - 1436 Words

P E S Institute of Technology Department of MBA 100 Feet Ring Road, BSK III Stage, Bangalore – 560 085 A TERM PAPER On Process Costing Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the 3rd SEM MBA Management Accounting and Control Systems Submitted to: Submitted by: Prof. G V M Sharma Vandana Rajput Dept. of MBA 1PB11MBA60 INTRODUCTION: Process costing is a form of operations costing which is used where standardized homogeneous goods are produced. This costing method is used in industries like chemicals, textiles, steel, rubber, sugar, shoes, petrol etc. Process costing is also used in the†¦show more content†¦The cost of each process is thus made up to cost brought forward from the previous process and net cost of material, labour and overhead added in that process after reducing the sales value of scrap. The net cost of the finished process is transferred to the finished goods account. The net cost is divided by the number of units produced to determine the average cost per unit in that process. Process Losses: In many process, some loss is inevitable. Certain production techniques are of such a nature that some loss is inherent to the production. Wastages of material, evaporation of material is un avoidable in some process. But sometimes the Losses are also occurring due to negligence of Labourer, poor quality raw material, poor technology etc. These are normally called as avoidable losses. Basically process losses are classified into two categories (a) Normal Loss (b) Abnormal Loss 1. Normal Loss: Normal loss is an unavoidable loss which occurs due to the inherent nature of the materials and production process under normal conditions. It is normally estimated on the basis of past experience of the industry. It may be in the form of normal wastage, normal scrap, normal spoilage, and normal defectiveness. It may occur at any time of the process. No of units of normal loss: Input x Expected percentage of Normal Loss. The cost of normal loss is a process. If the normal loss units can be sold asShow MoreRelatedJob Order Costing And Process Costing Essay1234 Words   |  5 PagesJob-order costing and process costing are two basic types of accouting systems. Costing systems provide cost data to help managers plan, direct and motivate, control, and make decisions (Garrison). These cost systems differ from entity to entity but most are based on one of the two. The costing systems can be seen and are explained in more depth in the following companies which each have different ways in which they produce products. Biolea is a family-owned/operated company specializing in theRead MoreProcess Costing1282 Words   |  6 PagesI. Discuss Process Costing, clearly bringing out its advantages and disadvantages. DEFINITION Costs are accumulated in costing systems. According to Glautier and Underdown (2001), the development of costing systems reflects the manner in which accounting methods have been adapted to the needs of different forms of activity and technology, and also to the appearance of advanced manufacturing techniques that have been a feature of recent years. Cost accounting systems allow full product costs toRead MoreProcess Costing1831 Words   |  8 PagesProcess Costing Vs. Job Order Costing Manufacturers use different types of costing systems to allocate production costs to their products and services. Two types of common product costing systems are process costing and job-order costing. While each system applies the same production costs to products, there are distinct variances in the application method. Process Costing o Process costing applies production costs to products based on the process they go through in the manufacturing process.Read MoreProcess Costing820 Words   |  4 PagesProcess costing Process costing is a system which mostly practices by a company whereby the manager of the company wants to know the cash flow from one department to another. Process costing give a clarify information to managers, therefore this activities is very important. Process costing is consisting of three ingredients which are direct materials, direct labor and manufacturing overhead. Direct material is the raw material which needs to produce a product, for example rubber for shoes,Read MoreProcess Costing818 Words   |  4 PagesEXERCISE 3–1: Process Costing and Job-Order Costing [LO1] Which method of determining product costs, job-order costing or process costing, would be more appropriate in each of the following situations? * a. An Elmer’s glue factory. * b. A textbook publisher such as McGraw-Hill. * c. An Exxon oil refinery. * d. A facility that makes Minute Maid frozen orange juice. * e. A Scott paper mill. * f. A custom home builder. * g. A shop that customizes vans. * h. ARead MoreCars And Process Costing System928 Words   |  4 PagesPart 1: Vans and Process Costing System In manufacture, determining unit production cost plays an important role. Through a managerial cost system, managers use cost data to plan, control, and make decisions with the goal to gain the highest profit. Managerial cost system includes two common methods: process costing and job order costing. Job order cost is used to cost specific products or group of products whereas process costing is used for the mass production of similar products. Vans, a manufacturerRead MoreThe Costing Method Is An Accounting Process1134 Words   |  5 PagesA1. Costing Method Costing Method is an accounting process that assesses itemized input costs of production and fixed costs to determine overall costs of production. (Kucera, n.d.) Competition Bikes is performing this analysis so management can determine the optimum sales units to breakeven from its San Diego plant based on the current sales mix of 9 Titanium bicycles for every 5 CarbonLite bicycles produced. Traditional costing is an easily implemented costing method that aligns with generallyRead MoreJob Order and Process Costing Systems - Quiz Essay1908 Words   |  8 Pages  1. | Question : | (TCO F) Assume there is no beginning work in process inventory and the ending work in process inventory is 100% complete with respect to materials costs. The number of equivalent units with respect to materials costs under the weighted-average method is: | |    | Student Answer: | x | the same as the number of units put into production. |    | | | less than the number of units put into production. |    | | | the same as the number of units completed. |    | | |Read MoreAc552 W3 Lecture Process Costing Quiz706 Words   |  3 PagesTop That manufactures baseball-style hats. Material is introduced at the beginning of the process in the Cutting Department. Conversion costs are incurred (and allocated) uniformly throughout the process. As the cutting of material is completed, the pieces are immediately transferred to the Sewing Department. Data for the Cutting Department for the month of February 2005 follow: Work in process, January 31-- 50,000 units 100% complete for direct materials, 40% completed for conversionRead MoreIntroduction. Muddled Is An Acfi2003 Student And As Many1398 Words   |  6 Pagesthe course including a fundamental principle, the differences in the costing systems and cost management systems. The purpose of this essay is help Muddled understand the fundamental costing principle that management systems should reflect the fact that different costs are relevant for different purposes, and how this principle affects the way that job costing and process costing systems are designed. Along the way several costing concepts will be explained and laid out for Muddled to understand in

Hospitality Management Marketing Communications

Question: Discuss about the Hospitality Management for Marketing Communications. Answer: Introduction: With the advancement in the technology, there has been a change observed in the expectations of clients and the mode of conduct of business in the hospitality industry. According to Resource (2016), the new and innovative technological application has brought about changes in the infrastructure, employee recruitment and management and mainly in the guest service policies. In this post, the several technological tools implemented in order to upgrade the guest service and the cons will be discussed (eri et al., 2014). The Crowne Plaza hotel which has adopted the use of a robot named Dash for enhancement of its business and expansion globally. The 3-feet tall with 100 pounds Dash has been designed to function as a human being and has the ability to navigate independently. The main purpose of the use of such a robot is to attract the guest and reduce manpower ("IHG tests delivery robot at Crowne Plaza San Jose-Silicon Valley - eHotelier", 2015). In the latest version, Dash has features of autonomous delivery such as docking, improved autonomy. In a hotel like the Crowne Plaza hotel with 300 rooms, this technology can be useful for specific and rapid guest service. But the application of such tools can affect the employment of the human resource since in such a case guest service agents and Concierge night be eliminated opined by Resource (2016). However, there exist certain issues with the use of this technological tool such as technological fault. Therefore, human resource is important in the overa ll supervision of the hospitality management (Law Leung Au, 2013). The Hilton Worldwide hotel from 2016 introduced the Hilton HHonors app for the loyalty programs members to provide them with the world class experience of easy access technology. The Hilton HHonors app provides the opportunity to the loyalty members to access to all the rooms of the hotel (Resource, 2016). The application also has other benefits such as choice of the room during booking, request of amenities through the smart phones of the guest and also access to Wi-Fi. As stated by Resource (2016), human resource can be hampered especially the employment of the front line members, and the guides and doorkeepers can face a challenge in maintaining the quality. This technology might be misused by the hackers which can lead to significantly hamper the organizations privacy (Verma Stock McCarthy, 2012). The Manhattan Courtyard has focused on the elevation of the hospital business by implantation of technology that can be beneficial for the guests as well as the employees in the reduction of the workload. The hotel industry has also involved the access to Marriott Rewards points (Samuely, 2016). The main focus of the hotels is to provide a hassle-free experience to the customers. With the introduction of the mobile check-in and check-out application, the friction experienced by the clients in the long queue has reduced. It, reduces the effort of booking and confirmation and reduces the guest entry formalities (Popescu Popescu, 2016). The in-room concierge provides the opportunity to reduce the time consumed by human resource for completion of any job involving amenities service and others (eri et al., 2014). In the future, it can be predicted that such technology not only will minimize the delivery of amenities but also will be able to provide information using softwares (Verma Stock McCarthy, 2012). The creation of the Apple Watch and Google Glass aided in providing information related to hotel reservation and weather reports. Such an application allowed the employees to save money, time and eliminate the forth coming problems linked with guest service ("3 ways guest experience will change through technology in 2015 - eHotelier", 2015). Although the advancement in the technology can be beneficial for the hospital industry, there also exist certain issues with the adaptation of the advanced technological tools and gadgets. First of all the process of adaptation of such new techniques are slow in terms of the hospital industry (eri et al., 2014). Secondly, it can be assured that the job of the employees will be at stake due to less demand of human resource. Thirdly, the use of applications on smart phones for data processing and access to the hotels might get hacked by the hackers. References: 3 ways guest experience will change through technology in 2015 - eHotelier. (2015). eHotelier. Retrieved 21 September 2016, from https://ehotelier.com/insights/2015/01/28/3-ways-guest-experience-will-change-through-technology-in-2015/ IHG tests delivery robot at Crowne Plaza San Jose-Silicon Valley - eHotelier. (2015). eHotelier. Retrieved 21 September 2016, from https://ehotelier.com/global/2015/08/13/ihg-tests-delivery-robot-at-crowne-plaza-san-jose-silicon-valley/ Law, R., Leung, D., Au, N. (2013). Progress and development of information technology in the hospitality industry evidence from Cornell Hospitality Quarterly.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,54(1), 10-24. Popescu, A., Popescu, D. (2016). Hashtag Progress: The Digital Fingerprint of Web 2.0 on Tourism and Hospitality Industry ManagementA Case Study for Romania. InEntrepreneurship, Business and Economics-Vol. 1(pp. 555-564). Springer International Publishing. Resource, H. (2016). Hilton Launches Digital Key. Hotelnewsresource.com. Retrieved 21 September 2016, from https://www.hotelnewsresource.com/article85012.html Samuely, A. (2016). Manhattan Courtyard drives hotel stays with mobile check-in app - Mobile Commerce Daily - Applications. Mobilecommercedaily.com. Retrieved 21 September 2016, from https://www.mobilecommercedaily.com/manhattan-courtyard-drives-hotel-stays-with-mobile-check-in-app eri, M., Gil-Saura, I., Ruiz-Molina, M. E. (2014). How can integrated marketing communications and advanced technology influence the creation of customer-based brand equity? Evidence from the hospitality industry.International Journal of Hospitality Management,39, 144-156. Verma, R., Stock, D., McCarthy, L. (2012). Customer preferences for online, social media, and mobile innovations in the hospitality industry.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 1938965512445161.

Stress and Burnout in Organizations

Introduction The term stress was predominantly applicable in the ancient centuries to imply hardship, difficulty, strain as well as affliction. In the growing centuries, the term has been used interchangeably.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stress and Burnout in Organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the core meaning has always remained poignant in all its definitions. Stress may refer to a state of psychological and physical discomfort of an individual, which is derivative of the interaction of external and biological factors (Antoniou Cooper, 2005). The increased global organizational competiveness has immensely impacted on the expectations from employees. For instance, extra working hours and high performance out puts expected from workers has led to organizational stress. Stress within organizations and other workplaces may be categorized according to an individual’s skills or competencies. In addition, the job demands also include potential determinants of the level of stress within organizations. Notably, stress might emanate from environmental factors within the workplace, exhaustive work arrangements and workloads, improper work conditions, role conflicts and communication breakdown. According to Antoniou Cooper, (2005), Burnout is â€Å"a disorder associated with emotional exhaustion and minimized individual achievement that transpires amongst persons who perform extensive jobs.† It also refers to a gradual loss of focus, motivation and objectivity encountered by individuals within some professions due to their job conditions.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is an exhaustion and weariness that potentially minimizes an employee’s effectiveness and competencies. Generally, this situation is presently notable within organizations. This paper discusses the organizations’ and workers’ challenges related to stress and burnout. Problems of Stress and Burnout on Employees Stress and burnout on employees have had significant negative influences on both the employee’s professional as well as personal lives. Due to burnout, workers have experienced diverse health and psychological complications. Apathy, minimized body energy and irritability include some of such complications. Apart from these, the workers have ended up committing costly errors on duty; they have demonstrated a tendency of unrealistic complaints and have become tardy. Absenteeism is a predominant practice amongst the victims of stress and burnouts. Additionally, some workers have developed complicated illnesses and suffered decreased motivation for their career development and work out put. Increased substance abuse is a critical negative trend that has been observed amongst the stressed workers (Zellars, Perrewe Hochwarter, 2000). Stress and burnouts have resulted to unhealthy withdrawals amongst the affected employees. As a result, they have become ineffective in their duties. Most of the affected workers have also transferred their occupational stress to their families. Due to this, they have suffered broken marriages and families, which is more detrimental.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stress and Burnout in Organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result of severe stress and burnout, a considerable number of employees have committed suicide. Such incidences have been recorded either at home or in the job places. The ability of the stressed employee to affect or infect other fellow workers is eminent. This is because during the interactions of work processes, an inflicted worker remains vulnerable to normal issues and is more likely to inflict or transfer the stress to others (Antoniou Cooper, 2005). This might cause severe conflicts and breakdown of social networks amongst the employees. Thus, it is vital to note that stress and burnout bear severe impacts on the personal, social as well as professional lives of workers. Problems of Stress and Burnout to the Organization The consequences of stress and burnouts on an organization can be intensive. The increased global competiveness has led to the emergence of challenging work output and competency demands on every employee. Due to stress and burnout, organizations are more likely to experience frequent conflicts amongst employees. Broken communication and feedback mechanisms are likely to emanate. This might lead to a remarkable impairment of the service delivery systems. Organizations are potentially set to lose their revenues and become inefficient when served by stressed workers (Bakker Schaufeli, 2000). In addition, due to stress and burnout, organizations are more likely to incur considerable revenue expenses on th e programs set by the human resource to manage the victims.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Stress and burnout cause low self-esteem and motivation amongst the workers. As a result, they lose the sense of innovation. This condition renders an organization redundant and lowers its general competitiveness with other firms due to lack of novelty. Stress and burnout also have the potential to make an organization encounter elevated turnover, absenteeism as well as increased motives for employees to quit (Antoniou Cooper, 2005). Thus, organizations are more likely to lose their valuable human resource and incur minimized productivity rates. Indeed, it is obvious that stress and burnout have potential negative impacts on the general performance of the organization. Conclusion Stress and burnout have remarkably negative impacts on both the workers as well as the general organization. Some of the factors that may be attributed to stress and burnout include Globality, increased organizational demands and competiveness. Otherwise, it should be noted that the components, agents and consequences of these conditions within organizations remain intricate in nature. For effective and efficient performance, organizations must set up critical monitoring systems for stress and burnout amongst their employees. Consequently, an effective management programme is vital for the organizations to minimize the notable negative impacts of stress and burnout. References Antoniou, A.-S. G., Cooper, C. L. (2005). Research companion to organizational health psychology. Cheltenham, [Angleterre: E. Elgar. Bakker, A., Schaufeli, W.B. (2000). Burnout contagion processes among teachers. Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 30: 2289-2308. Zellars, K.L., Perrewe, P. L., Hochwarter, W. A. (2000). Burnout in health care: The role of the five factors of personality. Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 30: 1570-1598. This research paper on Stress and Burnout in Organizations was written and submitted by user Amaya Zamora to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Greatness of a simple tree essays

Greatness of a simple tree essays A Separate Peace, a novel written by John Knowles, has many great themes about competition, friendship, and growing up. The great symbol is a very tall tree by the Devon River. The tree symbolizes war, adulthood, and friendships. The tree is a great symbol to both Finny and Gene. Even though the tree doesnt say a single word throughout the whole book, it plays a huge character. There are many reasons on why something as simple as a tree can play a huge role in Finny and Genes life. War, adulthood, and friendship are three ways the tree is a huge symbol. First, it symbolizes war. During the time Finny and Gene were in the Devon school they were trying to get ready to fight in World War II. One day Finny and Gene went to the tree and saw many of the senior boys in Devon jumping out of it. When seeing them jump, Finny decides that they need to start training to fight in the war to. Finny is the first of the two to jump. When he gets to the limb he says, Well here is my contribution to the war efforts! (Page 8) and jumps. Gene is next; he reaches the branch to jump off of. He stands on the branch in fright. Finny waiting at the bottom of the tree yells, Come on, when they torpedo the troopships you cant just stand there admiring the view, JUMP!!(Page 9) Gene thought about this for a few more seconds and then jumps. The way the Devon boys are jumping out of the tree makes it a symbol of war. Next, it symbolizes adulthood. The author, John Knowles, created the ch aracter Leper Lepellier, someone that never thought about growing up. The author made it to where he never jumps out of the tree like everyone else does. Instead, he just watches everyone else jump. One day the Devon school had a recruit officer show a video where all the soldiers were skiing. Leper thought that if skiing was what the war was about then he wanted to get into it. After the movie he went and enlisted into the army. Not lon...

Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 39

Journal - Essay Example More distant sailors are known only by name. The two types of shell exchanged are the mwali (white arm shells), which moves in a counterclockwise path through the villages, and bagi (red shell necklaces), which moves in a clockwise direction among partners. Shells’ values are based on size, color, beauty of their polish and the history they bear. Kula path and partners are inherited by young ones, who are invited by their male kin on expeditions to observe the transactions, meet partners and learn the ways of the Kula ring. Good training is key since partners may reject an inexperienced protà ©gà ©. This tradition serves as a tool to bring the community together. The sailors’ return is awaited with great anticipation and feast is organized which unites the villages with their partners. This is key in preventing unnecessary conflict. It also acts as a symbol for power and prestige for those involved. Owning a piece of Kula made one a hero and this was compounded by the unique history of a shell especially if it was previously owned by a renowned individual. In addition, the islanders preserved history through the shells, associated with exploits and talents of its previous owners, some who have long since died. According to Holly, (2011) â€Å"One was able to transcend the history of one’s ancestral lineage and become part of the Kula history†. Finally, it serves as an opportunity to trade with other villages. The islanders would trade their own surplus goods for items they

Tourism is whorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Tourism is whorism - Essay Example Prostitution is one of the oldest professions; it is an offspring of poverty coupled with inhumanity. Some of the countries that receive tourists on regular basis have legitimized this inhumane profession. The statement â€Å"Tourism is whorism!† may not be applicable in general but there is definitely some link. Countries that are under privilege, and generate a great chunk of revenue from tourism are forced to ease out their policies against prostitution. People are poor, their mode of earning is scarce, therefore they are bound to look out for other sources and in this search of generating extra cash they indulge in heinous acts like prostitution. The natives of the tourists’ resorts are sometimes forced by the influential members of their societies to carry out illegal trade of flesh just to promote the region as tourist resort for sex maniacs. Thus, tourism is not entirely whorism, but there are certain issues that turn it to look like

The contributions of Washing and Jefferson Essay Example for Free

The contributions of Washing and Jefferson Essay In 1789, the first person was elected to become the first president of the United States of America under the Constitution. The first person was Washington. Following Washington years later was the third president, Jefferson. The first few presidents of the United States contributed to establish a stable government after the adoption of the Constitution. They stabilized the government through international affairs and internal affairs. Washington contributed to the stability of the government through internal affairs. One such series of affairs started out through the Hamiltons Fiscal Plan. Because of the Fiscal Plan, which was made to stabilize the economy, was the reason for the Whiskey rebellion. What Washington did was take out the rebellion. He used federal force to push the rebellion down under. Through that event, it showed the nation the federal power that the government had and therefore strengthens it. Washington also established the judiciary branch and its power through the Judiciary Act of 1789. This strengthened the judicial branch of the government making the government more rounded and stronger internally. Similarly, Washington also strengthened the stability of the government through international affairs. One such event would be the conflict with Britain and France in 1793. France wanted the US to side with them because of the Franco-American Alliance in 1778; however, Washington didnt want to get involved with other nations problems. Washington declared the Neutrality Proclamation in 1793. This kept the US out of any conflict. This neutrality would be the basis of all of the USs foreign policy for the next hundred years. Like Washington, Jefferson also aided in the stability of the government under the Constitution through internal affairs. One internal affair that Jeffersons term of office went through was the Marbury vs. Madison Case of 1803. The resolution of this conflict strengthened the stability of the judicial branch of the government and therefore strengthening the stability of the government. Jeffersons election also found flaws in the Electoral College which lead to the 12th amendment of the constitution which fixed the problem in the election process which strengthens the stability of the  government. Similarly, Jefferson also strengthened the stability of the government through international affairs. One such event would be the Tripolitan War. This event led to the development of the US navy and marines. They would strengthen the nations protection forces which in turn strengthen the US government. The following years after the presidency of Washington and Jefferson were able because of the contributions that Washington and Jefferson made to stabilize the government. Both presidents aided in the stability of the government through internal affairs like fixing flaws in the Electoral College and through international affairs like foreign policies with Britain and France.

Guilt and Shame in Some Thoughts Concerning Education and Robinson Crus

Guilt and Shame in Some Thoughts Concerning Education and Robinson Crusoe  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century England, a major transition was occurring; attitudes were shifting towards a more sensibility-based perspective, in which the "warrior" mentality of earlier times was falling out of fashion, in favor of sensitive "gentlemen." Such gentlemen were expected to be morally sound, well-educated, "enlightened." Yet, despite all this, men were still expected to be masculine to be able to take control of a situation or solve a particular problem. John Locke postulated that all of this could be encouraged in young men via their education. Sadly, he found that no educational program at the time was up to the task. He argued that one of the foremost goals of education should be responsible self-government, or the ability to determine properly what to do and what not to do without an external authority commanding it. This ideal became very en vogue among sensible folk at this time many Englishmen (as well as other Europeans) wanted to be so moral ly upright that they need only answer to themselves. Locke, of course, had some thoughts on this, and those thoughts revolved chiefly around (of all things) shame. Some Thoughts Concerning Education was first published by Locke in 1693. The ideas it advocated were progressive, even by today's standards. One point he makes very clear is that physical rewards and punishments (as a system of encouraging morally-correct behavior) are ineffective in raising children to be responsible, moral adults (38 - 39). As an alternative, he suggested the following: Esteem and disgrace are, of all others, the most powerful incentives to the mind, when once it is brought to relish ... ...other is standing nearby with a scornful eye, but true self-governance is about much more than that. Locke knew this to be true, and I think it's obvious that Defoe agreed emphatically enough to base one of the most successful novels in history on very similar views.    Works Cited Bredvold, Louis I. The Natural History of Sensibility. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1962 Defoe, Daniel. Robinson Crusoe. New York: Bantam Books, 1991 ("Defoe") Defoe, Daniel. Robinson Crusoe, Norton Critical Edition. New York: W. W. Norton and Company, Inc., 1975 ("Norton") Locke, John. Some Thoughts Concerning Education, The Works of John Locke, vol. 9. London: 1823 Moore, C. Backgrounds of English Literature 1700-1760. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1953 Yolton, John W. John Locke and Education. New York: Random House, Inc., 1971   

Community and Culture Play a Role in Determining the Risk for Alcohol and Drug Abuse Essay

Substance abuse and addiction are major problems in society today. Every segment of society, regardless of race, gender, or age is affected. Some of the substances that are used grow naturally, whereas others are manufactured illicitly or even legitimately in laboratories. They may be smoked, inhaled, ingested, or injected and used for social, religious, or self-medicating purposes. The substances that are abused include caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, steroids, stimulants, depressants, heroin, cocaine and the list goes on. Substance abuse ranks high among serious health problems. Since 1979 illicit drug use and alcohol consumption has declined, but the widespread use of and dependence on these substances continues. Nicotine, now classified by the Food and Drug Administration as an addictive substance, is linked to more deaths annually than AIDS, cancer, and other substances combined. Alcohol is also a major social problem today. Use and abuse of alcohol are a factor in contributing to injuries and death. The cost of substance abuse is increasing in our society. Lives are lost, and loss of work productivity costs millions of dollars each year. Alcohol is a factor in 40% of all motor vehicle accidents, and alcohol and other drugs are often implicated in boating or athletic accidents. Costs’ include not only lives lost but also medical care, long-term services to the disabled, and increased insurance rates. Health care cost for clients that use alcohol, drugs, and nicotine are estimated to be greater than $160 billion annually. It has been confirmed that there is link between violence and alcohol and other drugs. Alcohol and drugs are a factor in vandalism on college campuses, date rape, sexual assault, and domestic violence. Under the influence of alcohol and drugs, young adults are more likely to engage in unsafe sexual practices, and parents are more likely to abuse their children. Certain factors place some individuals at greater risk than others for the development of abuse and dependence. Biological, psychological, or environmental conditions may predispose a person to the development of a drug or alcohol problem. Risk factors may include some of the following; heavy use of alcohol and other drugs or the presence of abuse or dependency by family members, presence of psychological conflicts, which a person may attempt to resolve through drug use. Other factors that predict that there may be a risk for alcohol and drug abuse include some of the following: †¢Failure in school †¢Rebelliousness and alienation †¢Need for immediate gratification †¢Lack of empathy †¢Frequent lying †¢Insensitivity to punishment The family which is the most powerful unit of socialization transmits cultural beliefs, myths, and values about alcohol and drug use. Also peers, and media personalities deliver messages about drug use, drug-using lifestyles, and the use of wines and spirits are subject of cultural traditions of families. Some groups have used wine strictly for celebratory purposes, others for religious rituals, and some for sustenance. Many cultural groups do not consider alcohol a drug. The result is that among many groups a double standard exists for alcohol and other drugs. Illicit drugs are considered dangerous and unhealthy, but alcohol is accepted and not considered threatening to the individual family, or society. However alcohol and drugs can be threatening to the individual, family, and our society. Substance abuse is known to affect ones behavior and personality. Abusers are known to be manipulative and often are in denial. One of the greatest consequences of alcohol abuse is the physiological damage that can be done. Alcohol is absorbed directly from the stomach and exerts system depression and physiological effects throughout the body almost immediately. In low doses, alcohol produces relaxation, loss of inhibition, loss of concentration, drowsiness, slurred speech, and sleep apnea. When alcohol or any drug of abuse is terminated abruptly by a person who is physiologically dependent they may begin to experience withdrawals. Onset of symptoms of withdrawals begins within 6-12 hours following the cessation or reduction of the drug or alcohol. Withdrawal must be treated, if not withdrawal may progress to withdrawal delirium untreated delirium may result in death. Treatment can be approached on several different bases. Inpatient hospitalization is usually a 2 to 4 week hospitalization in a unit of a general hospital, residential treatment center or psychiatric hospital; therapy provides corrective emotional experiences. This atmosphere provides safety, restricts access to the drug, and monitors self-destructive behavior. Detoxification Is a supervised medical regimen to withdraw the client from drugs that have induced psychological and physiological dependence. Rehabilitation is usually at a long-term hospital that addresses all phases of treatment. In many areas halfway houses serve as a rehabilitation facility that provides a sheltered and emotionally and financially supportive environment with peers. Counseling is a useful and effective means it can be administered on an individual basis or in family counseling. Support groups would be another effective means to support a person with substance-related disorders and their families. There are many groups modeled on the Twelve-Step approach of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). Other groups include Narcotics Anonymous (NA), Al-Anon (ANA), Adult Children of Alcoholic’s (ACOA), Sex and love addicts Anonymous (SLAA) and Ala-Teen (ALAT). These are a few of the self-help groups that can be contacted in our communities to help those who are abusing or have friends or family members who are abusers. Most of these groups are free of charge and are conducted by people who have abused and are now recovering.

Steve Jobs, Mastermind Of Apple Inc. - 1399 Words

When an individual adheres to the standards and regulation that are set by society, they are considered a conformist in its purest form. On the opposite side of the spectrum, those who do not follow these specific guidelines set by society are labeled as nonconformists. In essence, a nonconformist is an individual who goes beyond the principles of others, at the same time, is able to enhance the well-being and creativeness of other individuals. Steve Jobs, mastermind of Apple Inc., is a nonconformist of the 21st century. Jobs’ ultimate goal during his time with Apple was to inspire the creativeness others through the use of Apple’s technology. Before Jobs founded Apple Inc. in 1976, computers were nowhere to be found in homes during this†¦show more content†¦Once assembled, the only tasks that the user could perform on the computer were mathematical calculations and to play some games. Shortly after this, the first Apple personal computer by Steve Jobs hit the market and revolutionized the way many Americans thought of the novelty item. By changing the way most Americans viewed a computer, Steve Jobs made it possible for new users to take the experience of using a computer right to the comfort of the their own home. Steve Jobs was born in San Francisco, California on February 24, 1955. Jobs’ biological put him up for adoption as he was born. From there, Jobs’ was destined to be adopted by Clara and Paul Jobs who named him Steven Paul Jobs. Growing up as a child, Jobs developed an interest for handling electronics with his father in the family garage. At home, Jobs’ adoptive parents knew he was special and made it alarmingly known by allowing Jobs do as he pleased. In elementary school, Jobs was considered at class clown and a trouble maker by his teachers. Although he was a prankster, his teachers recommended that he skip several grades because they felt that he possessed a high level of intelligence (Desmond). In his high school years, Jobs wounded up being introduced to Stephen Wozniak through one of his friends. Both Jobs and Wozniak shared a mutual interest in the field of technology and the duo’s relationship proved to be beneficial later down the road when they crossed paths